Aurora Vulnerability: Issues & Solutions Hardware Mitigation Devices (HMDs)
June 30, 2011
Quanta Technology
Emanuel E. Bernabeu, Ph.D., Farid Katiraei, Ph.D.
The presentation was made at IEEE PES 2011 General Meeting Super Sessions in July, 2011, and describes how Aurora was defined as a gap in protection which has the following characteristics: 1) Out-of-synch, open/close sequence of 1 or more breakers; 2) Induced torques can cause permanent damage to the generator; 3) Open/close as fast as 10 to 15 cycle, i.e., traditional protection will not trip (gap); 4) Physical/Cyber attack.
